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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medication is the first treatment of choice for ADHD. They have a long track record of high response, excellent tolerability and safety across the life span. However, it's important to find the right medication and dosage that relieves the symptoms of your child or yourself without side negative effects. This usually requires a lot of trial and trial and open dialog with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are drugs that increase activity in the central nervous system. Students athletes, artists, workers and others take these drugs to improve their performance and cognitive abilities. They are also used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. They also treat binge eating disorder, and some anxiety disorders. Amphetamines and methylphenidates as well as other stimulant medications are the most commonly used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants come in both prolonged-release and immediate-release formulations. In the case of immediate-release, they are typically taken every four hours as required. They can cause an abrupt, short-term drop in energy called a crash after they are worn off. The crash can trigger extreme hunger, mood swings, and fatigue. Immediate-release medications can also raise blood pressure and heartbeat in certain people. This is particularly true when they don't eat enough. Extended-release medications are designed to release its active ingredients over 8-16 hours. This type of medication may be prescribed by a doctor if you are looking for long-lasting symptoms control without taking tablets several times per day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate medications. Another alternative is the methylphenidate long-acting patch called Daytrana which adheres to the skin like a bandage and lasts throughout the day. This kind of medication is available to adults who have ADHD and need a daily dosage that lasts longer than immediate-release options. Stimulant medication does not cure ADHD but it can help manage the symptoms by improving the way neurons in the brain communicate. By blocking or binding their receptors, they can alter the levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This allows more neurotransmitters be released and aids in ensuring that messages between neurons are more efficiently sent and received. Doctors sometimes prescribe antidepressants in addition to stimulants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD affect the levels of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine in your brain. One of the groups, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, is a good choice for people suffering from depression or anxiety, too. These medications are usually paired with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Another reason your doctor might switch you between stimulant and non-stimulant medication is if the previous medication isn't working or it causes intolerable side effects. Long-acting Between 70 and 80percent of children and adults with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They help reduce symptoms such as fidgeting, over-talking and losing focus during conversations or in tasks. They also help improve social skills and job performance. The stimulant medication starts to work as soon as it crosses the blood-brain barrier, which takes 45-60 minutes. They boost dopamine and norepinephrine levels between brain cells, which reduces the impulsivity and hyperactivity. FDA-approved stimulant medication uses one of two molecules, methylphenidate, (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine, (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). adhd without medication Iam Psychiatry can cause side reactions that include stomach upset loss of appetite, increased heart rate and blood pressure as well as headaches, anxiety or nervousness. They can also make tics more severe and cause sleep issues in some people. Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) can be used throughout the night and day unlike the short-acting drugs which last only for a couple of hours. They also aid in other conditions like anxiety or depression. These medicines work by altering the way that your body regulates chemical called monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases, or enzymes, break down dopamine and other neurotransmitters in the brain. If these chemicals aren't broken down and remain in your body for a longer time and affect your thinking and behavior. Long-acting medications can have less side effects, and your doctor will prescribe smaller doses that you consume throughout the day. Some stimulants are available in extended release form that you can take once daily. Some adults might prefer this option however, it is important to keep in mind to take the stimulants every day. SSRIs and other medicines have shown to be effective in treating ADHD in many adults. These medications are usually prescribed for anxiety or depression but they can also be prescribed for ADHD. About 70% of people react to these drugs. Bupropion, also known as Wellbutrin is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was shown to be more effective in a controlled study than placebos. These SSRIs can cause serious side effects such as ringing in the ears, anxiety, and changes to vision as well as lung and heart function in certain people. Short-acting Stimulant medications reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These are the two chemicals that help people focus and manage their behavior. These drugs are available in different forms and each has its own brand name, such as Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta. There are two primary kinds of stimulant drugs, methylphenidates and amphetamines. All have similar effects but differ in the length of their effect. The methylphenidates can produce a less lasting effect, lasting up to three hours. Amphetamines, on the other hand have a longer-lasting effect. Certain people are more able to tolerate stimulant drugs that have a long-acting effect than those with short-acting stimulants and therefore, your doctor might prescribe this kind of drug. It is crucial to learn as much as possible about the medication. This includes any possible side effects, the frequency at which it is recommended to take it, and any warnings. This will allow you to work with your physician in figuring out the right medication and dose for you. These medications may also cause some negative side effects like insomnia or a loss of appetite. Consult your physician if you experience these side effects. You may have to alter the dosage or even try a different medication. Adults suffering from ADHD who don't respond to stimulants well can be treated with nonstimulant medications. These medications take longer to effect but improve the ability to pay attention and to control impulses. These medications can be prescribed in combination or as a single dose. The first one is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree), which increases norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the prefrontal cortex which regulates behavior. Another is guanfacine (brand name Intuniv) that belongs to a class of medications known as alpha agonists. These drugs work by blocking the reuptake process and increasing the amount of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was originally designed to treat high blood pressure, has been shown to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations People suffering from ADHD make use of a variety drug combinations. These include stimulants combined with depressants like Guanfacine or Clonidine. These drugs can influence a calming effect on the brain, and can reduce symptoms like sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They also prevent withdrawal symptoms from stimulants. This combination could be risky but only if it is not used correctly. Combining two stimulants at the simultaneously increases the risk of developing serotonin syndrome, an emergency drug that occurs when the body is overloaded with many serotonin. This combination may also increase the heart rate and blood pressure. Heart disease sufferers or those with high blood pressure are at a greater risk of developing adverse effects from this drug. Combinations of stimulants are now being used by teens and young adults. These substances, which are sold in pharmacies, are often called “legal highs”. They are also sold on the black market. These substances can be dangerous, especially when combined with alcohol and other drugs. This is referred to as polydrug use and can be extremely dangerous. Mixing drugs can cause dangerous and unpredictable consequences. These include increased heart rate, decreased respiration, hallucinations, and paranoia. A study concluded that combination therapy was more effective than monopharmacotherapy in treating ADHD. Combining medication increased adherence and allowed patients to achieve more symptom relief than monotherapy. However, many patients stopped their treatment due to side effects. In a few cases, the medication was discontinued due to sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be due to a poor diagnosis or the absence of medication. Nonstimulants can also be used to treat ADHD. These medications enhance attention span and impulse control However, they don't perform as well as stimulants. They are less likely to inhibit appetite and growth. Some antidepressants can also be prescribed for ADHD. However, they have a smaller chance of improving concentration and focus. Several studies have shown that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be used together to achieve superior results than either on its own. Combining these two medications helped improve adherence and reduced adverse effects for the majority of people. The combination was beneficial for young adults and adolescents. This combination may be an option for children with severe ADHD.